Security testing

A exposição de trabalhadores a substâncias químicas perigosas nos locais de trabalho afecta a sua motivação, a sua produtividade bem como afecta a sua saúde. Neste sentido existe um conjunto de medidas legislativas com vista à salvaguarda da saúde e segurança dos trabalhadores potencialmente expostos a este tipo de ambientes. Deste modo a exposição a este tipo de substâncias deve ser prevenido ou controlado de forma adequada. Isto pode ser conseguido através da utilização de mascaras e roupa de protecção, sistemas de ventilação/exaustão, definição de períodos de permanência máximos em zonas perigosas, entre outras medidas.

The evaluation of workplace air thus aims to determine the exposure to hazardous substances and compare with the exposure limit values ​​set.

The ambient air assessment can be carried out to:

• total and respirable dust (wood, cement, silica ...)
• Welding fumes
• Solvent vapors
• Gases (chlorine, carbon monoxide)
• Fibers (glass fibers, textiles, asbestos)

Lighting is one of the environmental factors that influence the quality of working conditions it is reflecting in this way directly in fatigue, errors and accidents rate and amount of the developer's work.

No nosso actual acervo legal sobre Segurança e Saúde do trabalho, existem vários diplomas que focam a importância de garantir aos trabalhadores uma iluminação natural adequada no seu posto de trabalho, ou, na impossibilidade, iluminação artificial, complementar ou exclusiva, que garanta idênticas condições de segurança e de saúde aos trabalhadores. São exemplo a: Portaria n.º 987/93 de 6 de Outubro, relativo a prescrições mínimas de higiene e segurança e a Portaria n.º 53/71, de 3 de Fevereiro (Regulamento Geral de Segurança e Higiene do Trabalho nos Estabelecimentos Industriais), com as alterações introduzidas pela Portaria 702/80, de 22 de Setembro;

To obtain and guarantee the best working conditions in any lighting installation should be considered the following factors:

• light level
• Light distribution / Glare
• Lighting equipment
• Type of lamps
• Color Light
• Color rendering index (CRI)

In addition, one should take into account the activity carried out in the workplace as there are activities that require more light than others but in general terms the eye strain is lower when lighting levels are between 1000 and 2000 lux, which correspond to very good lighting levels for most of the activities.

Decree Law No 182/2006 transposes into national law Directive 2003/10 / EC, and establishes the general framework for the protection of workers from risks arising from exposure to noise at work.

The Directive 2003/10 / EC, adopted minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from noise. Exposure to noise can cause various disorders of hearing. The short duration of exposure and extremely high sound pressure can cause immediate hearing damage.

The evaluation of the exposure of workers to noise should be effected:

• Whenever there are changes in the installation: creating or modifying jobs.
• When the result of health surveillance (audiometry) to demonstrate the need for further evaluation.
• Every year, when the top action value is reached or exceeded (≥ 85dBA).

The test aims to:

• The evaluation of the daily personal exposure of workers to noise (L_EX,8h),

• The evaluation of sound pressure level peak (L_Cpico) that workers are subject, from the firm's laboring.

The acoustics of the study involves the analysis of noise sources, the acoustic conditioning of enclosures and capacity of the environment with a view to sound insulation. Knowledge of the characteristics of noise sources is essential to the development of the intervention strategy and defining the measures to be implemented in order to provide the spaces with the desired characteristics. These measurements are grouped into two types: conditioning and soundproofing.

Using noise maps, zones can be defined with different sound levels can be applied in each area the best solutions in order to protect workers from exposure to noise.

In addition, the noise maps offer the possibility of comparison for the various positions of sound sources in the workspace, in order to achieve an optimal configuration that minimizes noise levels.

In the study of the thermal environment of a job are certain environmental and working conditions to which the employee is exposed using methods and objective criteria, by determining the following parameters:

• Air temperature;
• humidity;
• radiant heat;
• air velocity;
• metabolism;
• clothing.

This study takes into account the following factors:

• The thermal overload or "stress" that relates the thermal exposure of the human body to extreme temperature environments;

• The thermal comfort, does not involve extremes of temperature, relates to temperature, humidity and velocity of the air existing in the locations that, taken together, may cause discomfort.

To measure these conditions indices are used (WBGT) which are then compared with reference values. (ISO 7243: 1989).

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Evaluation of Occupational Vibrations allows you to check the level of exposure of a worker to vibration transmitted to the hand-arm system and / or entire body.

As vibrações do sistema mão-braço são transmitidas através da palma e dedos da mão. Os trabalhadores cujas mãos estão regularmente expostas a vibrações transmitidas ao sistema mão-braço podem sofrer lesões nos tecidos das mãos e braços que provocam os sintomas conhecidos como síndroma das vibrações transmitidas ao sistema mão-braço.

The vibrations of the entire body system are transmitted through the seat or the feet by machines or workplace vehicles. Exposure to high levels of vibration transmitted to the whole body can endanger the health and safety, knowing that may cause or aggravate back pain and other disorders. The risks are greater when the amplitude of the vibration is high, the exposure periods are long, frequent and regular, and vibrations entail violent shocks and jolts.